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Static measurement is a variant of relative measurement, where the position is obtained by post-processing.
What is static measurement?
Static measurement means that you set up the GNSS receiver over the point you want to determine the position. Then it can store measurements over a long period of time - ideally for several hours. The set-up can often be done very accurately with the help of a tripod and optical plummet, so-called forced centering. The static measurements are then combined with simultaneously performed measurements at one or more reference stations with a known position.
Static measurement with post-processing is mainly used when establishing or supplementing geodetic control networks. Advice and guidelines for measurement of geodetic control networks can be found in the corresponding HMK document.
Processing
Post-processing of static GNSS measurements with long observation times are often the most accurate way to determine the position, as this gives you the opportunity to use better orbits and make better estimates of other sources of error (for example ionosphere models).
Post-processing of static measurements can be done with special software, or by sending the stored GNSS observations in so-called rinex format to an automated calculation service, for example SWEPOS post-processing service.
The RINEX format
GNSS observations from a static measurement can be stored in RINEX (Receiver Independent Exchange format) format. It is a receiver-independent transmission format that works as a standard for raw data, i.e. code and carrier observations from the GNSS receiver.
